In collaboration with Payame Noor University and Iranian Chemical Science and Technologies Association

Document Type : Full research article

Authors

1 Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran

2 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, University Campus 2,

Abstract

In this study chelating resins have been considered to be suitable materials for the recovery of Manganese(II) ions in water treatments. These modified resins were further reacted with 1,2-diaminoethan  in the presence of ultrasonic irradiation for the preparation of a tridimensional chelating resin on the Nano scale for the recovery of  Manganese II) ions from aqueous solutions. In this work we used copolymers derivate resin of poly (styrene – Alternative - Maleic Anhydride) and Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy for removing and determining Manganese(II) ions .The method is simple, sensitive, inexpensive and fast. The adsorption behavior of Manganese(II) ions were investigated by the synthesis of chelating resins at various pH’s. The prepared resins showed a good tendency for removing the selected metal ions from aqueous solution, even at acidic pH. Also, the prepared resins were examined for the removal of Manganese(II) ions from real samples such as industrial wastewater and were shown to be very efficient at adsorption in the cases of Manganese(II) ions ‏. The pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order and intra-particle diffusion kinetics equations were used for modeling of adsorption data and it was shown that pseudo-second-order kinetic equation could best describe the adsorption kinetics. The intra-particle diffusion study revealed that external diffusion might be involved in this case. The resins were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis.

Keywords

[1] A.B. Robert and D.A. Spiro, Polymersupported reagents for the selective complexation of metal ions: an overview, React. Funct. Polym. 36 (1998) 113-123.
[2] K. Kannan, Fundamentals of Environmental Pollution, S Chand Co. Limited, New Delhi (1995).
[3] H. Bessbousse, T. Rhlalou, J.F. Verche` re and L. Lebrun, Removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions by filtration with a novel complexing membrane containing poly (ethyleneimine) in a poly(vinyl alcohol) matrix, J. Membr. Sci. 307 (2008) 249–259.
[4] M.J. Gonza´lez-Mun˜ oz, M.A. Rodrı´guez, S. Luque and J.R.A ´lvarez, Recovery of heavy metals from metal industry wastewaters by chemical precipitation and nanofiltration, Desalination 200 (2006) 742– 744.
[5] R. Kiefer, A.I. Kalinitchev and W.H. Ho¨ ll, Column performance of ion exchange resins with aminophosphonate functional groups for elimination of heavy metals, React. Funct. Polym. 67 (2007) 1421–1432.
[6] C.G. Passos, E.C. Lima, L.T. Arenas, N.M. Simon, B.M. da Cunha, J.L. Brasil, T.M.H. Costa and E.V. Benvenutti, Use of 7-amine4-azahepthylsilica and 10-amine-4 azadecylsilica xerogels as adsorbent for Pb(II). Kinetic and equilibrium study, Colloids Surf. A 316 (2008) 297–306.
[7] O.S. Amuda, A.A. Giwa and I.A. Bello, Removal of heavy metal from industrial wastewater using modified activated coconut shell carbon, Biochem. Eng. J. 36 (2007) 174–181.
[8] J. Chen, S. Yiacoumi and T.G. Blaydes, Equilibrium and kinetic study of copper adsorption by activated carbon, Sep. Technol. 6 (1996) 133–146.

 [9] M.M. Johns, W.E. Marshall and C.A. Toles, Agricultural byproducts as granular activated carbons for adsorbing dissolved metals and organics, J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol. 71 (1998) 131–140.
[10] Y. Sun and P.A. Webley, Preparation of activated carbons from corn cob with large specific surface area by a variety of chemical activators and their application in gas storage, Chem. Eng. J. 162 (2010) 883–892.
[11] W.T. Tsai, C.Y. Chang, S.Y. Wang, C.F. Chang, S.F. Chien and H.F. Sun, Preparation of activated carbons from corn cob catalyzed by potassium salts and subsequent gasification with CO2, Bioresour. Technol. 78 (2001) 203-208.
[12] A.M.M. Vargas, C.A. Garcia, E.M. Reis, E. Lenzi, W.F. Costa and V.C. Almeida, NaOHactivated carbon from flamboyant(Delonix regia) pods: optimization of preparation conditions using central composite rotatable design, Chem. Eng. J. 162 (2010) 43–50.
[13] K. Gergova and S. Eser, Effects of activation method on the pore structure of activated carbons from apricot stones, Carbon 34 (1996) 879–888.
[14] D. Savova, E. Apak, E. Ekinci, F. Yardım, N. Petrov, T. Budinova, M. Razvigorova and V. Minkova, Biomass conversion to carbon adsorbents and gas, Biomass Bioenergy 21 (2001) 133–142.
[15]  W. Heschel and E. Klose, On the suitability of agricultural byproducts for the manufacture of granular activated carbon, Fuel 74 (1995) 1786–1791.
[16]  I.A.W. Tan, A.L. Ahmad and B.H. Hameed, Optimization of preparation conditions for activated carbons from coconut husk using response surface methodology, Chem. Eng. J. 137 (2008) 462–470.
[17]  H.M. Mozammel, O. Masahiro and S.C. Bahattacharya, Activated charcoal from coconut shell using ZnCl2 activation, Biomass Bioenergy 22 (2002) 397–400.
[18]  Z. Hu, M.P. Srinivasan and N. Yaming, Novel activation process for preparing highly microporous and mesoporous activated carbons, Carbon 39 (2001) 877–886.
[19]  K. Gergova, N. Petrov and S. Eser, Adsorption properties and microstructure of activated carbons produced from agricultural by-products by steam pyrolysis, Carbon 32 (1994) 693–702.
[20] M.M. Sabio and F.R. Reinoso, Role of chemical activation in the development of carbon porosity, Colloids Surf. 241 (2004) 15–25.

[21] A. Gurses, C. Dogar, S. Karaca, M. Ackyldz and R. Bayrak, Production of granular activated carbon from waste Rosa canina sp. seeds and its adsorption characteristics for dye, J. Hazard.Mater. 131 (2006) 254–259.
[22]  C. Sudhersan and J. Hussain, In vitro propagation of amultipurpose tree, Ziziphus spina-christi (L.), Desf, Turk. J. Bot. 27 (2003) 167–171.
[23] E. Lev and Z. Amar, Ethnopharmacological survey of traditionaldrugs sold in Israel at the end of 20th century, J. Ethnopharmacol. 72 (2000) 191–205.
[24] A.A. Shahat, L. Pieters, S. Apers, N.M. Nazeit, N.S. Abdel-Azim, D.V. Berghe and A.T. Vlietinck, Chemical and biological investigation on Ziziphus spina-christi L, Phytother. Res. 15 (2001) 593–597.
[25] W. Feng-Chin, T. Ru-Ling and J. Ruey-Shin, Preparation of highly microporous carbons from fir wood by KOH activation for adsorption of dyes and phenols from water, Sep. Purif. Technol. 47 (2005) 10–19.
[26] Z. Hu and M.P. Srinivasan, Preparation of high-surface-areaactivated carbons from coconut shell, Microporous Mesoporous Mater. 27 (1999) 11–18.
[27] S. Braunauer, P. Emmette and E. Teller, Adsorption of gases in multimolecular layers, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 60 (1938) 309–319.
[28] V. Gomez-Serrano, J. Pastor-Villegas, C.J. Duran-Valle and C.Valenzuela-Calahorro, Heat treatment of rockrose char in air.Effect on surface chemistry and porous texture, Carbon 34 (1996) 533–538.
[29] M.S. Solum, R.J. Pugmire, M. Jagtoyen and F. Derbyshire, Evolution of carbon structure in chemically activated wood, Carbon 33 (1995) 1247–1254.
[30] J. Pastor-Villegas, C. Valenzuela-Calahorro, A. Bernalte-Garcia and V. Gomezserrano, Characterisation study of char and activated carbon prepared from raw and extracted rockrose, Carbon 31 (1993) 1061–1069.
[31]  H.E.S. Amjad, P.N. Alan, K.A.D. Hafid, P. Suki and C. Neil, Characterization of activated carbon prepared from a single cultivar of Jordanian Olive stones by chemical and physicochemical techniques, J. Anal. Appl. Pyrol. 71 (2004) 151–164.
[32]  J.C.P. Vaghetti, E.C. Lima, B. Royer, B.M. da Cunha, N.F.Cardoso, J.L. Brasil and S.L.P. Dias, Pecan nutshell as biosorbent to remove Cu(II), Mn(II) and Pb(II) from aqueous solutions, J. Hazard. Mater. 162 (2009) 270–280.