Document Type : Full research article
Authors
Department of Chemistry, Om. C., Islamic Azad University, Omidiyeh, Iran.
10.30473/ijac.2026.78623.1350
Abstract
This study explores the potential of shrimp shell-derived biochar@starch/CoFe2O4NPs for heavy metals and toxic pollutants removal from aqueous environments. The adsorption of Cd(II) ion was studied under the various conditions, including pH, time, adsorbent dose, and temperature. The adsorption process was best described by the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic models, indicating monolayer adsorption and chemisorption-dominated interactions. The maximum adsorption capacity was determined to be 56.6 mgg-1 at 298 °K. Thermodynamic results indicated that the process was spontaneous and exothermic. The calculated thermodynamic parameters, such as ΔG°, ΔH° and ΔS° for Cd(II) ion uptake on the adsorbent surface, come out to be -3.45 kJ mol-1, -17.06 kJ mol-1 and -41.26 J mol-1. K-1, respectively. The removal efficiency Cd(II) ion from actual water samples higher reached 90.0 %, although the efficiency decreased with increasing salt concentration. These findings demonstrate that shrimp shell-derived biochar modified with starch/CoFe2O4NPs is a sustainable, low-cost, and environmentally friendly adsorbent with significant potential for Cd(II) ion remediation in contaminated water systems.
Keywords
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